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  • Home
  • Photography Channels & Smartphone
    • Dorothea Lange
    • Jodi Cobb >
      • Black and White Spotlight
      • Shutter speed tutorials
      • Toni Frissell Photographer
    • Diane Arbus
    • Masterpiece to Cubist
    • Andy Warhol >
      • Linocut
    • Vivian Mairer >
      • Photoshop assets >
        • Summer Music Festival
        • Steam Punk Self Portrait
        • Students Blog >
          • New Page
          • Munch-Art Zoom
          • Feist Pieter Bruegel the Elder
          • TM
          • Sandro Botticelli Art Zoom
        • Adobe Draw Portraits
      • Photo Editing Skill Building
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      • Josef Koudelka
      • adv GD 2.0
      • GD 2.0
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  • Photography Art Elements and Principles
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​Elements & Principles of Design
The works must be conceived with fire in the soul but executed with clinical coolness. Joan Miró

Elements of Design

Line -Linear marks made of objects appear as line.  Line can be horizontal or vertical. Example: A stem of a flower can create line.
Shape - A shape is self-contained area and can be geometric or organic. Example: Leaf is organic and stop sign is geometric.
Direction: All lines have direction and the direction can create movement in your image.  Example:  A road will lead us to the background.
Proportion - The relationship between the size of objects.  Example: If you have a hand in the foreground and a person in the distance, the person will appear to
be smaller than the hand in the foreground.
Texture - Texture is the surface quality of a shape and can be rough, smooth, soft, hard, or shiny. Example: Tree bark has more texture than a leaf.
Value: The lightness or darkness of a color.  Value is also called tone.  Example:  A picture of the trees will have a black shadow, gray leaves and white sky and all the gray values in between.  A sunny day will work better than a cloudy day because the sun will create more shadows.
Color: Use primary, secondary, and tertiary color schemes to create emphasis. You can also get more complicated feel by using complementary colors. Color is a great way to create emotional impact.

Principles of Design
Repetition creates Pattern 
Contrast - The state of being strikingly different from something else, typically something in juxtaposition or close association. Contrast creates Emphasis
Balance - Symmetrical or A-Symmetrical Balance
Contrast - Changes in value can create ariel perspective. Far away mountains are lighter and get darker as you approach them.
Movement - Repetition of similar shapes can make the eye move through the image.  
Harmony - Similar shapes or values can create a sense of harmony, and can help move the viewers eye throughout the image. 
Variety - Different shapes or values can create contrast or break up the static feel of an image.
Focal Point - A focal point such as the eyes on a face are the place where the viewer will look first, and the focal point is usually related to the theme or concept of the image.  
Unity - The elements in the image that are related and cause the elements to work together.